
Codebook for: Rahnama, R. & Williamson, M. "How Americans Evaluate Redistributive vs. Symbolic Racial Justice Policies" (2025). Journal of Race, Ethnicity, and Politics. 

** Covariates ** 
age - Age (continuous)
age_z - Standardized age
age_cat - Age categories
region - Geographic region (Midwest, Northeast, South, West)
man - Gender
race - Race categories (White, Black, Other)
race_id_import - Racial identity importance
race_id_import_z - Standardized racial identity importance
educ - Education level
educ_z - Standardized education
hh_income - Household income
hh_income_z - Standardized household income
left_right - Left-right political placement
left_right_z - Standardized left-right placement
pol_interest - Political interest
pol_interest_z - Standardized political interest
hi_pol_interest - High political interest (binary)
pol_know - Political knowledge
pol_know_z - Standardized political knowledge
party_id - Party identification (Democrat, Independent, Republican)
usa_pride - American pride
usa_pride_z - Standardized American pride
rr - Racial resentment (continuous)
rr_z - Standardized racial resentment
rr_cat - Racial resentment categories (Low, Medium, High)

** Policy Support Variables ** 

** Symbolic Policies ** 

symbol1 - Build Lynching Memorial
symbol2 - Celebrate Juneteenth
symbol3 - Grants for African American Museum
symbol1_z - Standardized symbol1
symbol2_z - Standardized symbol2
symbol3_z - Standardized symbol3
symbol_idx_n - Symbolic policy index (normalized)
symbol_idx_z - Symbolic policy index (standardized)

** Redistributive Policies ** 

redist1 - Expand DEI Hiring
redist2 - Anti-Segregation Zoning
redist3 - Reallocate Police Budget
redist1_z - Standardized redist1
redist2_z - Standardized redist2
redist3_z - Standardized redist3
redist_idx_n - Redistributive policy index (normalized)
redist_idx_z - Redistributive policy index (standardized)

** Backlash Policies ** 

backlash1 - Ban Confederate Statue Removals
backlash2 - Allow Housing Discrimination
backlash3 - Increase Welfare Requirements
backlash1_z - Standardized backlash1
backlash2_z - Standardized backlash2
backlash3_z - Standardized backlash3
backlash_idx_z - Backlash policy index (standardized)

** Experimental administration ** 

treated - Treatment condition (binary)
ResponseId - Unique respondent identifier
Treatment.open.ended - Open-ended treatment response
txt_support - Text indicates support
txt_oppose - Text indicates opposition
treatment_surprise - Self-reported surprise at treatment
treatment_time - Time spent on treatment (seconds)
est_removals - Estimated number of statue removals

** Policy Preference Variables **

policy_pref_forced - Forced choice policy preference

** Mechanism Checks ** 

mech_progress - Progress on racial justice
mech_progress_z - Standardized progress measure
mech_symbols_distract - Symbolic policies distract from larger problems
mech_symbols_distract_z - Standardized distraction measure
mech_priority_self - Self-priority mechanism
mech_priority_self_z - Standardized self-priority
mech_priority_others - Others-priority mechanism
mech_priority_others_z - Standardized others-priority
mech_opportunity - Opportunity mechanism
mech_opportunity_z - Standardized opportunity
mech_reputation - Reputation mechanism
mech_reputation_z - Standardized reputation
mech_identity_threat - Identity threat mechanism
mech_identity_threat_z - Standardized identity threat
mech_gov_intervention - Government intervention mechanism
mech_gov_intervention_z - Standardized government intervention

